$ docker search mysql
NAME                     DESCRIPTION                                     STARS     OFFICIAL   AUTOMATED
mysql                    MySQL is a widely used, open-source relati...   2529      [OK]       
mysql/mysql-server       Optimized MySQL Server Docker images. Crea...   161                  [OK]
centurylink/mysql        Image containing mysql. Optimized to be li...   45                   [OK]
sameersbn/mysql                                                          36                   [OK]
google/mysql             MySQL server for Google Compute Engine          16                   [OK]
appcontainers/mysql      Centos/Debian Based Customizable MySQL Con...   8                    [OK]
marvambass/mysql         MySQL Server based on Ubuntu 14.04              6                    [OK]
drupaldocker/mysql       MySQL for Drupal                                2                    [OK]
azukiapp/mysql           Docker image to run MySQL by Azuki - http:...   2                    [OK]
...

$ docker pull mysql:latest

$ docker images

$ docker run -itd --name mysql-test -p 3306:3306 -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 mysql

The MySQL startup configuration is specified in the file /etc/mysql/my.cnf, 
and that file in turn includes any files found in the /etc/mysql/conf.d
 directory that end with .cnf. Settings in files in this directory will augment and/or override settings in 
/etc/mysql/my.cnf. If you want to use a customized MySQL configuration, you can create your alternative configuration 
file in a directory on the host machine and then mount that directory location as /etc/mysql/conf.d
 inside the mysql container.

# pwd
/opt
# mkdir -p docker_v/mysql/conf
# cd docker_v/mysql/conf
# touch my.cnf
# docker run -p 3306:3306 --name mysql -v /opt/docker_v/mysql/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -d imageID
4ec4f56455ea2d6d7251a05b7f308e314051fdad2c26bf3d0f27a9b0c0a71414

# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE          COMMAND          ... PORTS                    NAMES
4ec4f56455ea c73c7527c03a  "docker-entrypoint.sh" ... 0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp   mysql

# docker 中下载 mysql
docker pull mysql

#启动
docker run --name mysql -p 3306:3306 -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=Lzslov123! -d mysql

#进入容器
docker exec -it mysql bash

#登录mysql
mysql -u root -p
ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'Lzslov123!';

#添加远程登录用户
CREATE USER 'liaozesong'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'Lzslov123!';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'liaozesong'@'%';